The lung fluid interface plays an important role in stabilizing the lung during physiological processes such as breathing. Inhaled nanomaterials deposited on the lung fluid surfaces can adversely affect the stability and function of the fluid. However, biophysical and biochemical changes to this interface due to the deposition of nanoparticles with varying physicochemical properties have not been systematically studied. This project aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which nanoparticles alter the function of complex lung fluid interfaces through simultaneous surface rheological and tensiometric studies and fluorescence microscopy. We ultimately aim to develop new paradigms to predict loss of surfactant function based on nanoparticle physicochemical properties (size, surface area, surface charge, relative hydrophobicity and composition).